Local Oceanic Vertical Deflection Determination with Gravity Data Along a Profile     

Jianbo Wang  Xin Liu  Yi Shen  Qiaoli Kong 《Marine Geodesy》2018,41(1):24-43

Deflections of the vertical (DOVs) over oceans cannot be directly measured, which restricts their applications. A local covariance function of anomalous potential is put forward in this paper in conjunction with the least-squares collocation (LSC) method to compute the oceanic DOVs utilization of oceanic gravity data along a profile. The covariance functions of gravity field quantities have been derived directly as functions of x, y and z without the need to introduce coordinate transformations corresponding to along- or cross-profile components. In the proposed methodology, gravity data along a profile were used to calculate the residual gravity anomaly using the remove-compute-restore technique. The residual gravity anomaly was used to calculate the parameters of the proposed covariance function of the local anomalous gravity field, which was used in the LSC to compute the residual DOVs along the profile. The residual DOVs added model DOVs to recover the DOVs along the profile. The results of a simulation experiment prove that the proposed methodology is feasible and effective.  相似文献   

基于OEM板的GNSS原始数据解码与质量分析     

郭亮亮  李建文  魏绒绒  代桃高  刘瑞宁 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(1):106-110

介绍Trimble BD970 OEM板接收BINEX格式数据流的结构和解码原理，得到相应的多系统观测文件和星历文件，成功完成对实测数据的解码。介绍GNSS观测数据质量评估的指标及方法，并基于解码后的数据对BD970 OEM板进行数据分析，得到该板卡的观测数据质量相关指标值，为后续的产品应用提供可靠保障。  相似文献   

Impacts of alien ‘ecosystem engineers’ overwhelm interannual and seasonal shifts in rocky-shore community composition on Marcus Island,South Africa     

S Sadchatheeswaran  GM Branch  CL Moloney 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(2):137-147

The South African coastline has been invaded by numerous alien species. Rare pre-invasion (1980) and post-invasion datasets (2001 and 2012) exist for Marcus Island, a small land-tied island in Saldanha Bay, South Africa. These snapshot datasets of the island’s intertidal invertebrate community were complemented with monitoring across seasons, from 2014 to 2016. Invertebrate communities were compared among the summers of 1980, 2001, 2012, 2014, 2015 and 2016 to assess interannual differences, while invertebrates and algae were monitored quarter-annually to assess seasonal changes. In addition, the population dynamics of the alien mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were monitored. Differences in invertebrate communities between consecutive summers were significant but much smaller than changes induced by the arrival of alien species. Invertebrate and seaweed communities differed among years and shore zones but not among seasons, whereas species diversity differed among years, seasons and shore zones, with zones having the strongest influence. The invasion by M. galloprovincialis, and ensuing spatial and temporal variability in its recruitment, emerged as the most important factor influencing community composition, overshadowing interannual and seasonal changes. This work highlights that the impacts of alien species can be distinguished from natural variability by combining long-term monitoring with surveys at finer temporal scales. This is an important step in extending our understanding of the impacts of marine alien species.  相似文献   

一种基于GPU和内存映射文件的高分辨率遥感图像快速处理方法     

马秀丹  崔宾阁  钟勇  张永辉  费东 《海洋科学》2018,42(1):139-146

高分辨率遥感图像处理经常面临程序执行时间过长和内存空间不足的问题,虽然并行计算技术可以提高遥感图像的处理速度,但是无法降低算法占用的巨大内存空间。为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种利用CUDA和内存映射文件的高分辨率遥感图像快速处理方法,并以K-Means算法为例进行了实现。其中,CUDA技术可以有效利用GPU强大的并行计算能力,而内存映射文件技术降低了磁盘I/O速度较慢对算法性能的影响。实验结果表明,本文方法比传统K-Means聚类算法计算速度提高了30倍左右,内存使用量降低了90%以上。  相似文献   

Google Earth Engine平台支持下的赣南柑橘果园遥感提取研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐晗泽宇  刘冲  王军邦  齐述华 《地球信息科学学报》2018,20(3):396-404

赣南地区是中国柑橘主产区,柑橘种植产业经数十年发展已具较大规模。本文利用Google Earth Engine平台,使用2140景Landsat影像进行像元级融合,重构目标年份季节最小云量影像集,构建多维分类特征集,利用随机森林分类算法,实现了1990、1995、2000、2005、2010和2016年赣南柑橘果园的分布制图。结果表明：利用Google Earth Engine平台可实现大量遥感影像数据的高效处理;最小云量影像合成方法能够有效解决多云多雨地区高质量光学影像获取困难的问题;以最小云量影像合成构建的数据集,使用随机森林分类算法能够有效提取赣南柑橘果园,分类平均总体精度和Kappa系数分别为93.15%和0.90,分类效果良好;赣南柑橘果园面积由1990年9.77 km²扩大为2016年2200.34 km²,2005年以后呈大规模扩张趋势,果园分布由零星分布,逐步形成连片化的聚集分布特点,柑橘果园用地的主要来源为林地、灌丛和耕地。  相似文献   

基于分区间泛化Kriging近似模型的船舶局部结构形状优化     

张干锋  王德禹 《海洋工程》2018,36(6):46-57

为提高Kriging近似模型在船舶结构性能多维度响应预测方面的适用性,对常规Kriging近似模型进行分区间泛化改进:一是对设计样本点的各个维度(分量)进行划区,并在每一个分区间内采用最优拉丁超立方(OLhd)取样;二是引入比例系数w1组合高斯与指数型相关函数提高模型对数据的泛化能力,从而在每个划分的区间内建立泛化的Kriging近似模型。通过SCH测试函数,验证了构造的分区间泛化Kriging模型有效性。结合参数化建模和改进Kriging近似模型对某过渡肘板和舱口角隅边界进行形状优化,优化第一阶段由改进的近似模型通过多岛遗传算法得到全局初步的最优解,第二阶段在初步解的基础上缩小优化变量范围,由少量的FEM计算即可在小范围内搜寻到精确的最优设计变量。结果表明:分区间泛化Kriging近似模型在预测多维度响应时较常规Kriging模型预测精度更高;分阶段的形状优化流程在保证极小误差和缩小计算成本的情况下能够得到理想的应力分布和重量优化结果,有助于船舶结构的轻量化研究。  相似文献   

城市创意产业空间动态集聚演化的计算与可视优化方法     

周琦  高长春 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(5):1033-1048

基于人文地理视角下的城市创意产业图像可视化分析对城市深层次空间综合和区域创新发展具有重大意义。但Swarm群智能动态时空建模难以满足创意产业空间集聚的可视化发展。本文研究目标是,从城市区域创意产业空间聚类影响因素指标出发,创新性地提出区域空间动态集聚轨迹算法（Density-Based Interest Spatial Clustering of Path,DBICP）,并与计算机浏览器共建聚类可视化图像,为城市管理提供决策依据。首先,根据影响因素指标体系,利用2014—2018年空间卡口流量数据和产业指标数据进行预处理,构建空间标准聚类算法DBSCAN。然后,对其进行聚类密度分级优化形成全新DBICP算法并得出初步轨迹图像。最后,通过源码转译实现了浏览器界面下空间动态集聚轨迹图像的输出。结果表明：以上海市为例,普陀区、浦东新区、徐汇地区的创意产业空间分布形成了3种不同的聚类模式,并相应提出了分摊、均布、虹吸的管控策略。此方法克服了传统图像的聚类分级和轨迹测量的缺失,可以有效地从指标数据中发现图像轨迹聚类信息,体现了地理信息科学和人文社会学科的交叉融合。也为大数据动态图像的集聚方法提供了全新视角和借鉴价值。  相似文献   

钻探参数实时采集系统研制与应用          下载免费PDF全文

汤小仁  孟义泉  訾兵  梁日旺 《探矿工程》2020,47(6):46-53

钻探参数实时采集系统研制的目的是向钻探技术及管理人员提供直观的钻探实时参数，通过该系统可全天候的掌握钻探工况。钻探参数采集的方法是通过传感器采集压力、转速、位移、流量、液位等物理参数，使用配套的软硬件设备进行数据转换和处理，在人机交互界面显示直观的工程参数。该系统根据野外现场不同工作环境可以使用互联网、GPRS终端或者北斗卫星终端把现场实时工程数据无线传输至远程服务器上，用户通过手机或电脑即可查看到现场的实时或历史工程数据。采用本系统可以预防和减少钻探事故，为事故处理提供数据支撑，为实现钻探自动化、智能化提供基础数据。  相似文献   

西藏樟木口岸震后滑坡灾害变形InSAR监测分析     

韩冬建  杨成生  董继红 《地质力学学报》2020,26(4):565-574

位于中国和尼泊尔边境的西藏樟木口岸是国家一类陆路通商口岸，也是西藏最大的边贸中心口岸。2015年尼泊尔大地震之后，西藏樟木口岸因多次发生滑坡灾害，而导致口岸关闭。为了调查樟木口岸区域滑坡灾害的分布和变形情况及更好的服务于区域减灾防灾，利用InSAR技术对覆盖该区域的Sentinel-1A和ALOS-2两种卫星影像数据进行了处理，并通过分析视线向年均形变速率图，圈定了17处疑似滑坡，并对其中的5处典型滑坡进行时间序列形变特征分析，监测识别出的滑坡基本沿318国道所在一侧的波曲河左岸分布。InSAR调查结果表明受地震影响樟木地区的滑坡多分布在沿波曲河左岸的陡峭山体上，中尼公路迪斯岗至友谊桥段的古滑坡出现了局部复活的现象，同时樟木镇居民所在的城区也发育有扎美拉山危岩体崩塌滑坡灾害。   相似文献   

Geochemical and geochronological characteristics of the Um Rus granite intrusion and associated gold deposit,Eastern Desert,Egypt     

Basem Zoheir  Richard Goldfarb  Astrid Holzheid  Hassan Helmy  Ahmed El Sheikh 《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(1):325-345

The Um Rus tonalite-granodiorite intrusion(~6 km2)occurs at the eastern end of the Neoproterozoic,ENE-trending Wadi Muba rak shear belt in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt.Gold-bearing quartz veins hosted by the Um Rus intrusion were mined intermittently,and initially by the ancient Egyptians and until the early 1900 s.The relationship between the gold mineralization,host intrusion,and regional structures has always been unclear.We present new geochemical and geochronological data that help to define the tectonic environment and age of the Um Rus intrusion.In addition,field studies are integrated with EPMA and LA-ICP-MS data for gold-associated sulfides to better understand the formation and distribution of gold mineralization.The bulk-rock geochemical data of fresh host rocks indicate a calc-alkaline,metaluminous to mildly peraluminous,I-type granite signature.Their trace element composition reflects a tectonic setting intermediate between subduction-related and within-plate environments,presumably transitional between syn-and post-collisional stages.The crystallization age of the Um Rus intrusion was determined by in situ SHRIMP 206 Pb/238 U and 207Pb/235U measurements on accessory monazite grains.The resultant monazite U-Pb weighted mean age(643±9 Ma;MSWD 1.8)roughly overlaps existing geochronological data for similar granitic intrusions that are confined to major shear systems and are locally associated with gold mineralization in the Central Eastrn Desert(e.g.,Fawakhir and Hangaliya).This age is also consistent with magmatism recognized as concomitant to transpressional tectonics(D2:~650 Ma)during the evolution of the Wadi Mubark belt.Formation of the gold-bearing quartz veins in NNE-SSW and N-S striking fault segments was likely linked to the change from transpressional to transtensional tectonics and terrane exhumation(D3:620-580 Ma).The development of N-S throughgoing fault arrays and dike swarms(~595 Ma)led to heterogeneous deformation and recrystallization of the mineralized quartz veins.Ore minerals in the auriferous quartz veins include ubiquitous pyrite and arsenopyrite,with less abundant pyrrhotite,chalcopyrite,sphalerite,and galena.Uncommon pentlandite,gersdorffite,and cobaltite inclusions hosted in quartz veins with meladiorite slivers are interpreted as pre-ore sulfide phases.The gold-sulfide paragenesis encompasses an early pyrite-arsenopyrite±loellingite assemblage,a transitional pyrite-arsenopyrite assemblage,and a late pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite-sphalerite±galena assemblage.Free-milling gold/electrum grains(10 sμm-long)are scattered in extensively deformed vein quartz and in and adjacent to sulfide grains.Marcasite,malachite,and nodular goethite are authigenic alteration phases after pyrrhotite,chalcopyrite,and pyrite and arsenopyrite,respectively.A combined ore petrography,EPMA,and LA-ICP-MS study distinguishes morphological and compositional differences in the early and transitional pyrites(PyⅠ,PyⅡ)and arsenopyrite(ApyⅠ,ApyⅡ).Py I forms uncommon small euhedral inclusions in later PyⅡand Apy II.PyⅡforms large subhedral crystals with porous inner zones and massive outer zones,separated by narrow As-rich irregular mantles.The Fe and As contents in PyⅡare variable,and the LA-ICP-MS analysis shows erratic concentrations of Au(<1 to 177 ppm)and other trace elements(e.g.,Ag,Te,and Sb)in the porous inner zones,most likely related to discrete sub-microscopic sulfide inclusions.The outer massive zones have a rather homogenous composition,with consistently lower abundances of base metals and Au(mean 1.28 ppm).The early arsenopyrite(Apy I)forms fine-grained euhedral crystals enriched in Au(mean 17.7 ppm)and many other trace elements(i.e.,Ni,Co,Se,Ag,Sb,Te,Hg,and Bi).On the other hand,ApyⅡoccurs as coarsegrained subhedral crystals with lower and less variable concentrations of Au(mean 4 ppm).Elevated concentrations of Au(max.327 ppm)and other trace elements are measured in fragmented and aggregated pyrite and arsenopyrite grains,whereas the undeformed intact zones of the same grains are poor in all trace elements.The occurrence of gold/electrum as secondary inclusions in deformed pyrite and arsenopyrite crystals indicates that gold introduction was relatively late in the paragenesis.The LAICP-MS results are consistent with gold redistribution by the N-S though-going faults/dikes overprinted the earlier NNW-SSE quartz veins in the southeastern part of the intrusion,where the underground mining is concentrated.Formation of the Um Rus intrusion and gold-bearing quartz veins can be related to the evolution of the Wadi Mubarak shear belt,where the granitic intrusion formed during or just subsequent to D2 and provided dilatation spaces for gold-quartz vein deposition when deformed by D3 structures.  相似文献